比尔盖茨谈18个月疫苗（盖茨接受白岩松专访回应）
五年前，微软创始人比尔·盖茨在TED演讲时，曾呼吁各国警惕全球流行病。如今新冠肺炎疫情席卷全球，有人便开始攻击这位亿万富翁，称其是制造新冠病毒的罪魁祸首，一些国外网友甚至质疑他投入巨资研发疫苗的目的。
Five years ago, Microsoft's founder Bill Gates warned about global pandemics on the stage of TED Talks. The realized prediction has raised query for the billionaire that he is responsible for creating the novel coronavirus, and netizens have been questioning the purpose of his heavy investments in vaccine development.
4月9日，比尔·盖茨做客《新闻1 1》节目，就“比尔·盖茨阴谋”、疫苗研发和中国防疫成果等系列话题，接受央视主持人白岩松的专访。
Gates, who now serves as the co-chair of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, shared his thoughts on Thursday about recent conspiracy theories and China's measures to contain the spread of COVID-19 in a virtual interview with CCTV.
比尔·盖茨基金会制造了新冠病毒？
Q：在美国也会有一些网友甚至攻击您，说病毒是从您疫苗研制过程中出来的。面对“比尔·盖茨阴谋”，您在用什么样的心态面对？
比尔·盖茨：我觉得这挺有讽刺意味的，尤其是对于那些尽全力帮助世界、做好应对疫情准备的人来说更是讽刺。
我目前已经捐出十几亿美元，用于资助研发应对传染病的工具，并尽力在全球解决传染病问题，包括可能造成大流行的传染病，但眼下情形有些疯狂，不可避免会产生很多匪夷所思的谣言。
此次疫情表明，无论是个体之间还是国家之间，都是相互依存的。为了遏制全球疫情的蔓延，我们需要寻找最得力的人员，最有效的疫苗和药物，我们不能只为了服务某个国家，而是要为整个世界着想，包括那些缺乏疫苗研发和生产资源的国家，我们在实际工作中应重点帮助这些国家。虽然有很多互相攻击的声音，但总体而言，人们的态度还是很积极的。
"I'd say it's ironic if you take somebody who's doing their best to get the world ready," Gates responded regarding the accusation that he's the creator of the virus.
The IT mogul said that he has spent billions of dollars solving broadly infectious diseases, including those which can cause pandemics.
"We are in a crazy situation so there's going to be crazy rumors," he said, adding that best resources, including experts, vaccine developers and drugs are necessary to stop the current global pandemic.
"We need to make it [vaccine] without just focusing on one country, we need to make it for the entire world, including for countries that don't have the resources to pay for vaccine research or vaccine factories," said Gates.
"There are lots of attacks out there. In general, people have been really positive."
有人用不起新冠肺炎疫苗怎么办？
Q：如果有一天能够彻底解决这次疫情的疫苗研发出来了，但是这个世界上还有相当多的人用不起这个疫苗怎么办？
比尔·盖茨：这一理念就是，疫苗应当能够触达世界上的每个人，这也是盖茨基金会最重要的工作之一，我们在资助创新机构研发这些疫苗时，要求他们承诺不是为了谋取利润，或者说不是为谋求可观的利润，因为这属于应急类型的需求。
我们要做的是力争把（疫苗）的价格降到最低，同时也将为疫苗采购筹措资金，从而让世界所有人都得到接种。
Gates said that the most urgent mission for now is to find a COVID-19 vaccine that's safe, effective, and easy to produce massively.
Getting a vaccine to everyone in the world is one of the priorities of Gates' foundation.
"We fund the innovators to create the vaccines, we'll get commitments that they are not trying to make a meaningful profit out of this, because this is an emergency type of need and we shouldn't let that stand in the way."
"We'll make it [vaccine] as cheap as we can, and there is no doubt the money will be, should be, fund to buy that vaccine for everyone on the planet," said Gates.
如何评价中国的防疫过程？
比尔·盖茨：中国政府从1月下旬开始就全力投入，严格地实施了减少接触、加强隔离等措施，很高兴看到这些措施取得了很好的成效，这为与中国同等富裕以及比中国更富裕的国家提供了一个防控模式。
但每个国家都有自己的想法，不会完全照搬，这取决于各自的社会状况。没有人知道这些措施（在当地）效果如何，疫情曲线还会持续上升多久，什么时候能趋于平缓，乃至开始回落。我希望全球很多地方现在已经接近峰值，比如说纽约市，并且已经看到减少人与人接触的效果，这在中国、韩国等许多地方都得到了验证，的确能够遏制暴发性增长。
中国是第一个着手抗击此次疫情的国家，最先经历疫情的国家，往往面临的挑战最大，因此人们对疾病的了解太少了。现在中国正在帮助其他国家，中国现在已经基本复工，目前正参与供应一些关键物资，这将为全球抗疫带来重大改变。
China's measures to contain the spread of COVID-19 have worked and what China did is helping the rest of the world, said Gates.
"Once the government was fully engaged in the second half of January, the idea of reducing that contact, the quarantine idea that goes back for a long time, that was done in a very serious way," he said, adding that China has created a model at least for countries that are as rich as China or richer to fight the virus.
Gates believes that many countries are having their epidemics plateauing but it is still unknown when the curve can be flattened. However, reducing contact between people can effectively curb outbreaks, which is a proven fact in countries such as China and South Korea. Especially China, since it was as the first country hit by the virus, and will contribute more to the world's epidemic control efforts, Gates pointed out.
"It's always the hardest to be the country where something emerges first, because so little is known about it," he said, adding that what China did is helping the rest of the world.
"Now that China is mostly back to work, some of the critical supplies, having China participated in providing those, could make a huge difference," Gates said.
想对武汉民众和医护工作者说些什么？
比尔·盖茨：所有的武汉人民，在如此严格的隔离下，做出了巨大的牺牲。很高兴疫情被成功控制，但我相信你们都经历了极大的困难，所以我非常感谢大家做出的牺牲。身处传染病的中心是一个难以置信的挑战，你们做出了许多改变，工作停滞了，生活变得与往日截然不同。
中国已将新增病例的数字减少到很低，同时也在继续公布新增病例和发生的地点，中国应该为这两点感到骄傲。我希望所有人的生活在接下来的几个月内，能进一步恢复正常。随着人们通过检测数据来判断哪些地方需要继续执行严格的措施，哪些地方可以部分恢复，感谢你们做出的牺牲。
He also expressed his gratitude to the people of Wuhan and paid respects to the medics who are fighting COVID-19 across the world during the interview.
想对医护工作者说些什么？
比尔·盖茨：他们非常了不起，尤其是在疫情初期，当时人们对疫情风险知之甚少，一些没有参与治疗新冠肺炎病人的医生也被感染。当他们意识到疫情正在蔓延的时候，仍然义无反顾地投入到救治工作中，并在艰难的条件下日以继夜地开展工作。有时为了防止传染，甚至要避免接触自己的家人，无论病毒多么猖獗，医护人员总是冲在最前面。下一波疫情高峰可能出现在发展中国家，而那里的应对能力更薄弱，医护人员将陷入更艰难的处境。
"Wherever the disease is rampant, we've seen healthcare workers step up, first in China, now in Europe and the United States," he said. "Unfortunately developing countries probably will be the next big wave and their capacity is even lower, and the health workers will face an even more difficult situation."
如何看待各国之间出现“攻击”局面？
Q：现在世界各国之间开始出现了这种攻击、不合作，甚至是歧视的局面，您的建议是什么？
比尔·盖茨：希望对外国人和国际活动的担心不会长久持续，因为全球合作能够带来很多好处，而这往往要求跨国旅行，比如联合国或者世界卫生组织举行大会，专家从全世界各地聚集到一起共同解决问题。我希望对外国人的担心不会一直加重，因为这对于全球来说是严重的后退，不仅影响未来的大流行病应对，帮助所有国家消除流行病，也会影响气候变化等问题的应对，这些都需要各个国家深入合作开展创新。Gates hoped that a fear of foreigners and global activities was not permanently increasing.
"That would be a big step back for the world," he said, adding that the innovative powers of the world should deeply cooperate with each other in order to cope with problems like the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change.
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